The world is facing global health threats. These challenges arise from outbreaks of communicable disease epidemics and pandemics such as like COVID-19, measles and diphtheria; increasing reports in obesity and sedentary lifestyles to the  health impacts in several serious chronic diseases and cancers due to genetic and environmental factors. The biggest unprecedented challenge is how to sustain the health improvement through effective intervention strategies and measurement of economic effects.

          Although many lifestyle issues have been implicated since 1990s, the government and non government organisations take vigourous actions in conducting programmes and activities to keep health case costs down. With this advanced era, high-throughput and dedicated piece of research would be benefited in providing scientific evidences to ensure long-term accessibility of key data on population health such as cancer incidence, infectious disease monitoring and surveillance and health service to embark prevention strategies that requires regulatory framework from multidisciplinary field of expert. Substansial advances in methodologies have provided insights for better understanding in disease mechanism and disease control that may serve greater effectiveness for health.